Crypt Arithmetic Problems That Are Easy To Solve, Revised

Students in 5th grade math challenge at Seward.

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2012 6th Grade Math Challenge Problem #1
162
+XD
-----
2D7
D must equal 5 so we have:
162
+X5
-----
257
When we add X to 6, we must get 5 and a carry of 1.
So, 6 + X = 15, or X = 9
162
+95
-----
257

Check: Do the above with a calculator and verify that it is correct.

2012 6th Grade Math Challenge Problem #5
ON + ON + ON + ON = GO
Adding ON 4 times is the same as multiplying by 4.
ON
x4
-----
GO
Try various values for N.
N can't be zero because then, N and O would be the same.
If N is 1, O = 4 and 4 x O would be 16, generating a carry and giving a three-digit answer.
If N is 2, O = 8 and 4 x O would be 32, again generating a carry and giving a three-digit answer.
If N is 3, 4 x 3 = 12. That makes O = 2 with a carry of 1.
G = 4 x 2 + 1, or 9.
This gives:
23
x4
----
92
Check: 23 + 23 + 23 + 23 = 92
Verify this with a calculator.